M235i power curve fixes

Neilski

Staff
Premium
Those of you who remember Aris' tutorial video about getting the most out of the engine might recall that one of the cars he talked about was the M235i.

At about 4m30s into the video:
he talks about not really gaining anything by accelerating beyond about 6000 rpm. Now, this didn't seem quite right to me at the time, because the power curve he's showing actually peaks at 6000 rpm, so clearly you need to take the revs well beyond that point to get optimum shifts. (When he then drives the car on the track, he chooses to shift at a little more than 6k - roughly 6300 rpm.)
Based on how slowly the power curve dropped after the peak, my feeling was that you would need to go pretty close to the red line to get the best shifts and that's how I was driving it myself. I later started using Sidekick (great app), which computes the optimum shift points in real time, and it also took me very close to the red line for most shifts.

When we recently decided to use the M235i as the new car for the Tuesday night social events, we considered using a restrictor to make it easier to handle (we decided against that in the end though! :)) and because of this I fired up my half-baked homegrown telemetry app and calculated the power curves with and without 'restrictor=100'.
To my surprise, I found that the stock power curve which you see in the launcher is incorrect. In essence, the true power peaks a little earlier (~ 5700 rpm) and falls much faster after the peak - see below for graphs.
The curve you see in the launcher is stored in the ui_car.json file, in the
C:\SteamLibrary\steamapps\common\assettocorsa\content\cars\ks_bmw_m235i_racing\ui
folder, and that happens to be the same file that Sidekick uses to work out the optimal shift points...

With some input from @RasmusP I have concocted a new ui_car.json file (attached) which can be dropped over the old one if you use Sidekick and want the optimal shifts to work properly (or if you just want to see the true power curve in the launcher).

tl;dr: optimal shift points for the real power curve are (gear, shift-rpm):
1 6850
2 6826
3 6285
4 6377
5 6343
6 6089
i.e. in 4th gear, you want to be shifting to 5th at about 6377 rpm. (You won't ever want to shift from 7th to 8th unless you're short of fuel (!) because the revs in 7th never even reach the power peak.)
And yeah, the irony isn't lost on me - although the logic Aris used was broken, the actual shifting RPM he used on track (~6300 rpm) was more or less bang on, once you're out of second gear :D If you didn't know any better you'd think he somehow knew the optimum shift points! :sneaky::thumbsup:

Btw, I haven't (yet!) worked out the actual impact of shifting too late. It's likely to be only a few tenths of a second around a typical lap though... :D

For the original (aka wrong) power curve, the optimal shift points would have been:
1 limiter
2 limiter
3 6868
4 6951
5 6919
6 6630

Some comparison curves below...
NB: I scaled up the measured power by around 17% to make the old and new curves have roughly the same peak power. (This means the peak torque is significantly different though.)

In the curve below, you can see (for example) that the acceleration in 4th gear drops below the acceleration in 5th long before you reach the limiter in 4th. You'd want to be shifting to 5th at around 153 kph.
upload_2018-3-12_22-36-33.png

upload_2018-3-9_0-25-28.png

upload_2018-3-9_0-26-16.png

upload_2018-3-12_22-37-30.png

upload_2018-3-12_22-37-39.png
 

Attachments

  • ui_car.json
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Last edited:
And yeah, the irony isn't lost on me - although the logic Aris used was broken, the actual shifting RPM he used on track (~6300 rpm) was more or less bang on, once you're out of second gear :D If you didn't know any better you'd think he somehow knew the optimum shift points! :sneaky::thumbsup:
Well, in his faster laps he simply shifted when the shifting lights on the steering wheel told him to do so...
 
Well, in his faster laps he simply shifted when the shifting lights on the steering wheel told him to do so...
Yeah the in car wheel seems to match but there are two things that aren't really perfect with it:
The lights are only RPM, not gear specific so it's not that accurate.
And the question is how you are supposed to know which color/led is the one where you should shift. Red? Blinking? Last yellow? Give us a damn manual then :D
 
Yeah the in car wheel seems to match but there are two things that aren't really perfect with it:
The lights are only RPM, not gear specific so it's not that accurate.
And the question is how you are supposed to know which color/led is the one where you should shift. Red? Blinking? Last yellow? Give us a damn manual then :D
Usually you shift when the first red LED comes on.
 
You can also use Content Manager to generate new curves to show in the launcher, calculated from the physics files. Might give the same results. I've read before that in some cases, Kunos puts the official power figures in the launcher curve, whithout things like drivetrain loss accounted for.
 
You can also use Content Manager to generate new curves to show in the launcher, calculated from the physics files. Might give the same results. I've read before that in some cases, Kunos puts the official power figures in the launcher curve, whithout things like drivetrain loss accounted for.
Could you give a brief overview about how to do that exactly? Couldn't find it the last time but only looked for a minute... :)
 
Here is what I have. The last number is the loss in kW, which means the sum of the different of power at that speed compared to the engines max power, the sum is of the current and next gear.

Code:
least loss switching from gear 1 to 2 is at rpm 6700: 63.581761
least loss switching from gear 2 to 3 is at rpm 6700: 62.012616
least loss switching from gear 3 to 4 is at rpm 6600: 30.258607
least loss switching from gear 4 to 5 is at rpm 6700: 33.849106
least loss switching from gear 5 to 6 is at rpm 6700: 32.446961
least loss switching from gear 6 to 7 is at rpm 5800: 22.099226
least loss switching from gear 7 to 8 is at rpm 6600: 29.385236

This is quite different from other racecars, which take the bigger losses in the higher gears, because you spend more time in lower gears.
 
You can also use Content Manager
Nice! I was aware that Rasmus had tried to get CM to recalculate the power curve but hadn't managed to get it to work, but clearly it can be beaten into shape ;) Personally I don't use CM as I'm averse to running closed-source apps - I just don't use 'em unless I desperately want the functionality and am prepared to take the risk.
Here is what I have. The last number is the loss in kW, which means the sum of the different of power at that speed compared to the engines max power, the sum is of the current and next gear.
Sorry, I can't figure this out at all. Not sure what the "loss" really means, but moreover allmost of your shifting points are much higher than the optimal values I calculated. What data did you use for this calc?
 
Nice! I was aware that Rasmus had tried to get CM to recalculate the power curve but hadn't managed to get it to work, but clearly it can be beaten into shape ;) Personally I don't use CM as I'm averse to running closed-source apps - I just don't use 'em unless I desperately want the functionality and am prepared to take the risk.
Sorry, I can't figure this out at all. Not sure what the "loss" really means, but moreover allmost of your shifting points are much higher than the optimal values I calculated. What data did you use for this calc?

Here is the long version. kW @ rpm

Left to right is gear 1-7.
Up to down is increasing rpm.

Each line is aligned to correspond to the same speed, that means it is what you get from shifting into the different gears right now, at current speed.

(it uses plain turbo values, maximum boost, it does not attempt to figure out which rpms are too low to give full boost)

I am marking the switch points with "=" instead of "@"

Code:
211 @ 4791 141 @ 3194  95 @ 2146  75 @ 1695  49 @ 1307  27 @ 1017  18 @  853  11 @  678
219 @ 4991 146 @ 3327  99 @ 2236  79 @ 1766  54 @ 1361  30 @ 1059  19 @  889  12 @  706
226 @ 5191 152 @ 3461 103 @ 2325  82 @ 1837  58 @ 1416  33 @ 1102  21 @  924  13 @  735
231 @ 5391 158 @ 3594 108 @ 2415  85 @ 1908  62 @ 1470  36 @ 1144  23 @  960  14 @  763
235 @ 5591 164 @ 3727 112 @ 2504  88 @ 1979  66 @ 1525  40 @ 1187  26 @  996  15 @  791
234 @ 5791 170 @ 3861 116 @ 2594  91 @ 2049  69 @ 1580  43 @ 1229  28 @ 1031  16 @  820
226 @ 5991 176 @ 3994 120 @ 2684  94 @ 2120  72 @ 1634  47 @ 1272  30 @ 1067  17 @  848
220 @ 6191 182 @ 4127 124 @ 2773  97 @ 2191  75 @ 1689  50 @ 1314  33 @ 1102  19 @  876
216 @ 6391 187 @ 4261 128 @ 2863 100 @ 2262  78 @ 1743  53 @ 1357  36 @ 1138  20 @  905
213 = 6591 192 = 4394 131 @ 2952 104 @ 2332  80 @ 1798  57 @ 1399  39 @ 1174  22 @  933
208 = 6791 198 = 4527 135 @ 3042 107 @ 2403  82 @ 1852  60 @ 1441  42 @ 1209  23 @  961
197 @ 6991 204 @ 4661 139 @ 3132 110 @ 2474  85 @ 1907  63 @ 1484  44 @ 1245  25 @  990
179 @ 7191 211 @ 4794 142 @ 3221 114 @ 2545  87 @ 1962  66 @ 1526  47 @ 1281  27 @ 1018
  - -    - 217 @ 4927 146 @ 3311 117 @ 2616  89 @ 2016  68 @ 1569  50 @ 1316  29 @ 1046
  - -    - 222 @ 5061 149 @ 3400 120 @ 2686  92 @ 2071  71 @ 1611  53 @ 1352  31 @ 1075
  - -    - 226 @ 5194 153 @ 3490 123 @ 2757  94 @ 2125  73 @ 1654  56 @ 1387  33 @ 1103
  - -    - 229 @ 5327 157 @ 3580 126 @ 2828  97 @ 2180  75 @ 1696  59 @ 1423  35 @ 1131
  - -    - 232 @ 5461 161 @ 3669 129 @ 2899  99 @ 2234  77 @ 1739  61 @ 1459  38 @ 1160
  - -    - 235 @ 5594 166 @ 3759 132 @ 2970 102 @ 2289  79 @ 1781  64 @ 1494  40 @ 1188
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  - -    - 214 @ 6527 192 @ 4386 152 @ 3465 119 @ 2671  92 @ 2078  78 @ 1744  56 @ 1386
  - -    - 212 = 6661 196 = 4476 155 @ 3536 122 @ 2725  94 @ 2121  79 @ 1779  58 @ 1414
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  - -    -   - -    - 235 @ 5640 195 @ 4456 151 @ 3435 119 @ 2673  99 @ 2242  79 @ 1783
  - -    -   - -    - 235 @ 5730 198 @ 4527 153 @ 3489 121 @ 2715 101 @ 2278  81 @ 1811
  - -    -   - -    - 233 @ 5820 201 @ 4598 156 @ 3544 123 @ 2758 103 @ 2314  82 @ 1839
  - -    -   - -    - 230 @ 5909 205 @ 4668 158 @ 3599 125 @ 2800 104 @ 2349  83 @ 1868
  - -    -   - -    - 226 @ 5999 208 @ 4739 161 @ 3653 127 @ 2843 106 @ 2385  84 @ 1896
  - -    -   - -    - 223 @ 6088 211 @ 4810 163 @ 3708 129 @ 2885 108 @ 2421  85 @ 1924
  - -    -   - -    - 220 @ 6178 215 @ 4881 166 @ 3762 130 @ 2928 109 @ 2456  87 @ 1953
  - -    -   - -    - 218 @ 6268 218 @ 4952 168 @ 3817 132 @ 2970 111 @ 2492  88 @ 1981
  - -    -   - -    - 217 @ 6357 220 @ 5022 171 @ 3871 134 @ 3013 113 @ 2527  89 @ 2009
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  - -    -   - -    - 213 = 6626 227 = 5235 178 @ 4035 139 @ 3140 118 @ 2634  93 @ 2094
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  - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 231 @ 5872 198 @ 4526 155 @ 3522 131 @ 2955 104 @ 2349
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 228 @ 5943 201 @ 4581 157 @ 3565 133 @ 2991 106 @ 2377
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 225 @ 6013 203 @ 4635 159 @ 3607 134 @ 3026 107 @ 2406
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 223 @ 6084 206 @ 4690 160 @ 3650 136 @ 3062 108 @ 2434
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  - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 212 @ 6650 224 @ 5126 176 @ 3989 147 @ 3347 119 @ 2661
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 210 = 6721 226 = 5181 178 @ 4032 149 @ 3383 120 @ 2689
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  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 216 @ 6411 223 @ 5096
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 215 @ 6446 224 @ 5125
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 215 @ 6482 225 @ 5153
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 214 @ 6518 226 @ 5181
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 214 @ 6553 226 @ 5210
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 213 @ 6589 227 @ 5238
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 213 @ 6625 228 @ 5266
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 212 @ 6660 229 @ 5295
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 211 @ 6696 229 @ 5323
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 210 @ 6731 230 @ 5351
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 209 @ 6767 231 @ 5380
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 208 @ 6803 231 @ 5408
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 206 @ 6838 232 @ 5436
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 204 @ 6874 232 @ 5465
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 203 @ 6910 233 @ 5493
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 200 @ 6945 234 @ 5521
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 198 @ 6981 234 @ 5550
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 195 @ 7016 235 @ 5578
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 192 @ 7052 235 @ 5606
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 189 @ 7088 235 @ 5635
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 186 @ 7123 235 @ 5663
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 182 @ 7159 235 @ 5691
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 179 @ 7195 235 @ 5720
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 235 @ 5748
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 234 @ 5776
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 234 @ 5804
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 233 @ 5833
  - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    -   - -    - 232 @ 5861
[more omitted as there's only one gear left]

ETA: put actual data :)
 
Last edited:
The small table I posted earlier then picks those points (rpms) in the table that have the smallest values for this formula:
Code:
(+ (- max_power   power_in_current_gear) (- max_power   power_in_next_gear))
 
Hmm, I can't make your kW figures match with any of the values in any file I can find.
it uses plain turbo values, maximum boost
What did you use for boost pressure? I presume you used the power.lut file directly, instead of the ui_car.json?

But those questions are just details in one sense, because your power column is still peaking at the same engine speed as my corrected one, so we should calculate the same shift points as each other.

The small table I posted earlier then picks those points (rpms) in the table that have the smallest values for this formula:
Code:
(+ (- max_power   power_in_current_gear) (- max_power   power_in_next_gear))
Well I still can't make any sense of why you'd use that formula. That's equivalent to minimising:
2*max_power - power_in_current_gear - power_in_next_gear
which is equivalent to maximising
power_in_current_gear + power_in_next_gear
(because max_power is a constant).
Why would that be a useful thing to maximise?

I contend that what you really need to maximise is instantaneous power. So as soon as power_in_next_gear is bigger than power_in_current_gear, you shift. End of story.

You can see the problem with your approach immediately if you go back and look at your raw data.
Your 4th to 5th shift point says:
210 = 6721 226 = 5181
Clearly, shifting from 210 kW to 226 kW gives you a power boost - that's because you've fallen much lower in power within 4th gear than you need to.
But if you shift earlier, at (say) this line from your data:
216 @ 6438 218 @ 4963
you can avoid dropping so low in power while still in 4th gear... You will still hit the 226 kW figure in 5th very soon afterwards.

Basically, if at all times you're in the gear which gives you the most power, then the acceleration will at all times be as good as the car can achieve. Any time you stay too long in a gear, you lose acceleration and you can never get that back.
 
Here's an attempt to show the impact of shifting later than the optimum point (where the power in the current gear matches the power in the next gear), using the acceleration curve from my original post above as a starting point.
The first pic shows the acceleration you get if you shift optimally, and the second is what you get if you shift too late. Hopefully it's clear that you only lose by shifting too late - there's no upside in terms of acceleration.
upload_2018-3-15_21-49-47.png

upload_2018-3-15_21-50-0.png
 
Had a quick look around the git and from what I can tell it's fully open source. Read the license or check the AppVeyor buildlog if in doubt (Or better yet, try to build it yourself). In the Build notes he just mentions some DirectX shaders that he included prebuild because they take long to rebuild.
 

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